Characterization of Mediterranean endemics in the Egyptian flora

The Mediterranean Basin is the world’s second richest hotspot, and one of most important locations on planet for endemic taxa. However, there no available up-to-date list endemics. Available data are frequently insufficient or outdated. Therefore, this study aimed at delimiting floristic region in Egypt, screening its endemics, determining their habitats, life forms, flowering periods, dispersal types phyto-geographical distribution. From a 275 taxa Egypt compiled from literature, reduced it to 57 (including species, subspecies varieties; 20.7%) belonging 46 genera 22 families. Fifteen major habitats harbored endemics with coastal dunes (17 = 29.8%) non-saline depressions (16 28.1%) being represented. Moreover, Mareotis (west) subsector was (46 80.7%). largest number recorded North African sub-region (52 91.2%), followed by Eastern (levant) (36 63.2%). Therophytes were form, while ballochory represented type. In conclusion, crucial shed light provide an documented database help future management plan that support conservation sustainable use.